Globalisation Literature Review Example

CHAPTER 2

Literature review

Theme 1: Too broad knowledge about globalization & its importance for the growth-seeking computer

As per the view of Beck (2018) globalization is used to describe the growing interdependence of the world’s economies, cultures, and populations brought about by cross border trade in goods and services. Therefore, it is the process of interaction and integration among people, companies. Economically, globalization also involves goods and services and the expansion of the global market also liberalizes the economic activities by exchanging the goods and services. Therefore, in the context of business, globalization is mainly used for expanding the market and at the local level, it dramatically changes the nature of business. Even the local culture also affected by it as well, it is the result of opening up the global economy and also increases the sales or trade between two or many nations.
In addition to this, it also means that countries liberalize their import and welcome the foreign investment into sectors which help a business as well as the growth of the economy. While on the other side, Steger (2017) stated that Globalization is a process that is based on international strategies whose aim is to expand the business operations at the global level. Apart from this, the goal of globalization is to provide a superior competitive position to an organization by lower down the operating cost and to gain a greater number of products and services. Therefore, this approach help to gain high competition in the market and the creation and development of new opportunities by opening up the new and additional market.

Theme 2: To determine that globalization is important for Grupo Intercom

As globalization main aim is to gain a high competitive advantage in the market and in the same way, Grupo Intercom also wants to expand its services at a global level. As per the view of Samiee (2019), globalization is important for the quoted firm because it opens up international access for it. Such that the evolution of digital communication has opened up a small business to an international market and they also reach through social media platform, website and mobile marketing campaign also. Apart from this, globalization is also important for Grupo Intercom because it also lowers down the cost of customer service. Such that it provides e-commerce facilities to their customers for their better convenience and this also helps to cut the expenses and provide best and outstanding customer service.
On the other side, Perlas (2019) argues that only globalization has equalized the international playing field and generate revenue as well. For the same way, by introducing Grupo Intercom service into a new market will help a business to gain high competitive advantages and increases further opportunities that lead to increase competition in the market. It has been further analysed by the author that without international trade the company cannot increase its sales and gain further growth opportunities. Therefore, as a result of greater access to the international market, globalization also creates more business for those who want to gain further emerging markets. Thus, it shows that globalization is very important for Grupo Intercom.

Theme 3: To analyse the ways in which Grupo Intercom can introduce in its product in the UK.

The company wants to introduce its new software in the market through globalization and thus, Hickie, Jones and Schloderer (2019) stated that by using email- marketing, the Grupo Intercom can introduce its service in market because it has been analyzed that more than 80% of the people are using this technique in order to introduce their product in market because it allows to easily share news related to new product or service launch by the company. Apart from this, social media is another important tool that helps to introduce the product in the global market. Using social media, Grupo Intercom also keeps updating their customers regarding the services and attract a wide range of customers towards them as well.
Through social media, the company also get review form their customers and promote it at the international market as well. On the other side, Fuchs and Roller (2019) stated that the online presence of a business will help a business to promote or introduce their products. It has been realized that almost more than half of the public uses social media and that is why if the business uses social media and online presence, then it can easily introduce their products and make it popular as well. In addition to this, using digital marketing is another way which can be used by Grupo Intercom where the quoted firm makes its online presence and introduce the services through mobile app and online marketing. It is also considered quite simple and cost-effective and help the firm to gain high competitive advantages as well.

Theme 4: To assess the advantage of globalization for the company such as Grupo Intercom

According to Ozer and Schwartz (2016), globalization creates advantages for Grupo Intercom because it increases creativity and innovation and global competition helps a business stay one step ahead from their competitors. Thus, it also drives towards quality and price that can improve the offered services and keep the cost low as well which is considered one of the greatest advantages for Grupo Intercom.  Through globalization, the quoted firm made it easier to access foreign culture and having a strong global presence will also help to attract larger talent pool as well.
Apart from this, Lane, (2017) stated that it also increases the competition pressure off globalization which may also prompt improved the governance and better labour protections. As if the Grupo Intercom uses globalization, the competitive market reduces the monopoly profit and increases the incentives business in order to seek cost-reducing innovations as well. Overall, it also helps to generate more revenue, as on the other side, companies that have saturated their local market and dried up the growth opportunities can turn to global expansion and grow their business as well. Thus, these advantages show that globalization creates a positive impact on Grupo Intercom’s overall performance and leads towards success also.

CHAPTER 3

Research methodology

The research methodology is a process of collecting information and data for the purpose of making a business decision. The methodology includes publication research, interviews, survey and other research techniques and includes both present and historical information. The research methodology presented the research type, approach, philosophy, data collection and analyse over the research topic of identification of the growth opportunities for the Grupo Intercom in the UK.

Research design

Research design in the research projects aims at defining the overall strategy which is used in the study for integration of all the components of the research project in logical manners to present the coherent outcomes of the research. With the selection of an appropriate research design effectiveness in addressing the research question is ensured. The research type is of two types qualitative and quantitative. In the quantitative one, the research revolves around describing, interfering the research problems and to reach an effective outcome (Quantitative Approaches, 2018).
In this type more of the numeric and data and figures is collected and application of the mathematical and statistical tools is done to reach to coherency and exclusive research conclusion over the research topic. In the qualitative research, the design is based on works, feeling, expression of people which can be form public or authors, scholars and others. The information and data collected are all theoretical based and it is analysis is done through the use of non-mathematical tools and in a thematic manner. For the present report, qualitative research designs have been used to identify the opportunities for growth available to the Grupo Intercom in the UK. The information and data have been collected which are expressed by other people to reach an effective outcome of this research study.

Research approach

The research approach under research methodology is the concept of plan and procedure which comprise the steps of broad assumptions to the detailed method of the data collection, its analysis and interpretation to present an outcome for the research problem. This is a concept of plans and procedures for the research that span stating out the stages of data collection, analysis and its interpretation.  There are two approaches for research inductive and deductive. The relevance of the hypothesis to a study is the main point in the selection of the research approach.
The deductive approach determined the validity of the assumptions or theories whereas in the inductive approach a contribution is given to set new theories and generalisations. For the present research study over identifying the opportunities for growth in the UK for Grupo Intercom inductive approach has been used (Research Approach, 2018).
The inductive approach has been applied with inductive inference and to know the scope of opportunities available and existent in the UK. This approach has been used to analyse the scope of the research topic and then to generate untested conclusions on the basis of themes so developed for analysis and interpreting the information. In this, the data so collected have been used to explore the phenomenon of growth opportunities and then identification of theme and patters for the creation of a conceptual framework over the research topic.

Research philosophy

Research philosophy under the research methodology defines the belief over the manners in which data relevant for the research topic must be collected for the given phenomenon developed under the research approach. There are two major philosophies of research which are interpretivism and positivism. Under the interpretivism, philosophy interventions made in reality are subjectivity interpreted so that the reality can be understood over the given research topic. In the positivism, philosophy stated the stability level of the objectives which are shows through observations and describe them from the objective point of view. For the present research interpretivism research philosophy has been used to identify the available opportunities for growth to the company Grupo Intercom in the UK. it assisted in determining the manner of analysis and use of the data so collected

Sampling

It is sorting of research sample for a large group of population to ensure the collection of valid information to address research questions. There are different types of sampling method that is random, snowball, stratified, etc. Every sampling method offers a different type of sample that is probabilistic and non-probabilistic. In this research, the scholar has used a random sampling method as it reduces the risk of getting bias results. The sample of research will 20 employees of Grupo Intercom which will helps in determining growth opportunities for the business in the UK.

Data collection

Data collection is done by collecting information by all sources to find answers of a problem of research, hypothesis test and outcomes evaluation. There are many types of data which can be categorised as Quantitative, Qualitative, discrete, continuous and attribute. There are two methods of data collection which are divided as primary and secondary methods (Nardi, 2018).
The primary method of data collection is data can be collected in numerous ways majorly includes collection through interviews, questionnaire, survey, open-ended questions, observations and case studies (McKenney and Reeves, 2018). Although this method of data collection is costly and time-consuming.
The secondary method of data collection is data which is extracted out of primary data. This includes any reliable source like the internet, oral history, documents, records, books and journals which had gone through deep analysis. The researchers opt for primary data collection through a questionnaire where information will be collected from randomly sampled participants.

Data analysis

The Data analysis is the process of applying logical and statistical techniques in order to describe, illustrate, evaluate and recap data. In this, questions of research and method of analysis were applied to make them answerable. It provides an explanation regarding framework, methods and theories in a meaningful way. There are two kinds of data analysis first is qualitative and other is quantitative data analysis (Quinlan and et.al., 2019).
Qualitative data analysis is based on theoretical concepts while quantitative analysis of data is based on numerical data. Here in this study researcher took the qualitative analysis of data where thematic data is taken as it records and examines themes or patterns in data. It identifies different patterns and enables researchers to engage with data and begins thinking about general topics during the discussion with participants.

Ethical Consideration

Ethics are the most important part of this research as a researcher have to follow the standard, norms during and after the study.  This makes a clear difference in what is right and what is wrong and Ethics are the norms, standards, laws and rules in conducting the research on the topic. It is very important for the researcher to follow and abide by all the norms, standards, laws and rules in order to maintain validity and reliability of the research. In this present research, the researcher has followed all the ethics which are as follows-

• All the data or information collected by the researcher are from authentic and valid sources as all the false websites are ignored like Wikipedia.
• The researcher also has avoided all the sensitive topic like religion, caste and others.
• Researcher adheres to all the acts such as Data protection, privacy etc.
• All the participants are adults and there is no force full consideration.

CHAPTER 4

Questionnaire

Ques 1. Are you aware of the concept of globalization?

• Yes
• No
• Don’t know

Ques 2. How much agree you are with the statement that globalisation has a direct effect on the growth of an organisation?

• Completely agree
• Partially agree
• Completely disagree

Ques 3.  What opportunity  Grupo Intercom has captured through globalisation?

• Increase in market share
• Increase in profitability and sales
• Economies of scale

Ques 4.  What are the advantages of globalisation?

• Increase capital flow
• Increase in the integration of global trade
• A cess to the labour market

Ques 5. What is the risk associated with globalisation?

• Inflation
• Vulnerability to economic shocks
• Trade imbalances

Ques 6. According to you globalisation is the best strategy for fostering business growth?

• Yes
• No
• Might be

Ques 7.   According to you which is the best strategy that can be adopted by Grupo Intercom for launching a product into the international market?

• Creating shareable content
• Forming a strategic partnership with international companies
• Optimising website

Ques 8. Which marketing strategy Do you suggest to Grupo Intercom for promoting their products in the new market?

• Social media
• TV advertisement
• E-mail marketing

Data analysis

Theme 1: Aware of the concept of globalization

Interpretation: It has been interpreted the information present in the above table that out of twenty there are 12 people who have stated that they are aware of the concept of globalization. They have given such answers as those people are the student of management and they keep themselves updated with the latest news as well as concepts.
Theme 2: Globalization has a direct effect on the growth of an organization.

Interpretation: It has been analyzed from the information present in the above table that there are 10 people out of 20, who perceive that globalization has a positive effect on the growth of an organization. Ten respondents have given such responses as they have themselves analyze that their company is growing at a faster rate after expanding business at the international level. Those people have also said that an enterprise by expanding business at the global level has achieved the target market growth rate.
Theme 3: opportunity  Grupo Intercom has captured through globalization.

Interpretation: It has been analyzed from the data present in the table that there are 10 respondents who perceive that expanding the business at an international level firm can increase sales and profitability. Those people have also stated that by expanding business at the global level firm can increase sales and profitability which can be utilized further for the development of business.
Theme 4: The advantages of globalization

Interpretation: It has been found from the information present in the above table that out of 20, there are 14 people who have stated that increase in trade which can be captured by an organization by expanding business at international level. Those people also have stated that by expanding business at the international level an enterprise can accelerate the trade practices and business entity can foster business growth.
Theme 5: The risk associated with globalization

Interpretation: From the above diagram it has been analyzed that out of 20, there are 13 people who have stated that there is a high risk of economic shocks which is associated with globalization. Those participants have also said that such a type of risk can have an adverse effect on organization performance as well as the growth of the business.
Theme  6:Globalization is the best strategy for fostering business growth?

Interpretation: From the above diagram it has been analyzed that out of 20, there are 13 people perceives that globalization is the best strategy for fostering business growth. That respondent perceives that by expanding business at an international level, the firm can foster growth. They have given such answer based on their own analysis that by expanding business at the global level has achieved tremendous growth within a specific period of time. Those 13 people have given such response by analyzing the sale report of an enterprise.
Theme 7: The best strategy that can be adopted by Grupo Intercom for launching the product into the international market

Interpretation: It has been analyzed from the information present in the table that out of 20 there are 12 people those who have stated that firm can form a strategic partnership with global companies, as it will provide the organization ease in launching the product. The strategic partnership will assist an enterprise in gaining knowledge about the market which can be beneficial in the context of launching a product in the new market.
Theme 8: Effect globalization has on the business growth of  Group Intercom.

Interpretation: It has been analyzed from the information present in the above table that there are 10 people out of 20, those who perceive that globalization has a positive effect on the growth of an organization. Ten respondents have given such response as they have themselves analyze that their company is growing at a faster rate after expanding business at the international level. Those people have also said that an enterprise by expanding business at a global level has achieved the target market growth rate.
Theme 9: The best strategy that can be adopted by Grupo Intercom for launching the product into the international market

Interpretation: From the above diagram it has been analyzed that out of 20, there are 14 employees those who have stated that social media marketing can be adopted by the organization for promoting a product at international level. Those people have stated that by using social media an enterprise can promote products among global level. By using social media an organization can inform about new products or offers to a wide number of customers.

CHAPTER 5

Conclusion and recommendations

It has been concluded from the report that globalisation has a positive effect on the growth of the organisation. The other fact which has been found during the investigation is that by expanding business at the international level an enterprise can foster business growth. It has also been concluded from the above study that globalisation has provided the firm with an opportunity to increase market share by expanding business at the international level.
The other fact which has been discovered from the report that globalisation has great significance for companies as it assists them in increasing sales as well as profitability. It has been concluded that integration of the global trade is the main benefit which can be gained by business entities by expanding business ta international scale. The other fact which has been found during the investigation is that vulnerability to economic shock is the major risk associated with Globalisation.
The firm is provided with the suggestion to form a strategic partnership with an international brand, as it will provide them with ease in the successful launch of the product at the global level. By forming the strategic partnership an enterprise will get knowledge about the market which can be helpful in the successful launch of goods. It has also been recommended that an enterprise is required to conduct thorough analysis before launching the product in the international market, as this tactic will assist them in ensuring the successful launch of the product.
Marketing team in an organisation is provided with the suggestion to use social media for promoting the product at the global level, as it will help them in reaching to the wide number of the target customer group. The social media marketing strategy will also provide organisation ease in influencing people to buy specific product or services.

CHAPTER 6

Reflection

I have gained depth knowledge about the concept of globalization and it important for a business. I came to know about the effect that globalization has on the growth of the organization. In addition to this, I developed an understanding of the benefits as well as opportunities which an organization can capture by expanding business at the international level. In addition to this, I came to know about the marketing strategies which can be adopted by an organization for promoting products at an international level. By participating in the research method I learn about the systematic procedure of conducting the investigation procedure. In the context of the research project, from all the sections I found a literature review to be most interesting, as it is the part which has assisted me in developing the depth understanding about the topic.
I developed an understanding of the suitability of research methods for performing different investigation activities. I came to know about the issues which might occur in the execution of the research. In addition to this, I developed an understanding of the tactics which can be applied in order to avoid the various barriers. By participating in investigation activity I have gained practical experience which I perceive that will support me in continuing my career in a particular field. By participating in a research project I have developed various core competencies as well as abilities these are research skills, problem-solving and analytical skills which I will apply for conducting further investigation in the future.
I learn that the selection of an appropriate research methodology is very much essential in order to achieve the desired outcome. As I already have some knowledge about the research method by sharing my valuable ideas related to the techniques for data collection I helped my team members in accomplishing desired objectives. In addition to this, I have also created the list of priority task and formulated the time management strategy which has assisted me in completing the research project on time.  After completion of the research project I have performed the self- assessment in order to analyze my performance and I found there are few skills which are lack these are effective communication as well as technical skills which I perceive could be beneficial in the context of the execution of investigation.
I also found that I need to improve my presentation skills which is very much important in order to present the outcome of the research in an appropriate manner. I have planned to take support from my tutor as well as colleagues in order to improve my presentation skills. During the self- an assessment I also found that I need to increase my knowledge about the research methodology. The difficulty which I faced during the time of investigation is related to the collection of data related to the topic.
In addition to this, I also faced issues in conducting the in-depth study due to lack of time as well as resources. I have planned that in the future researches I will use digital technology for collecting as well as analyzing the data, as it will assist me in dealing with the issue of limited time and resources.

REFERENCES

Beck, U., 2018. What is globalization?. John Wiley & Sons.
Steger, M.B., 2017. Globalization: A very short introduction(Vol. 86). Oxford University Press.
Samiee, S., 2019. Reflections on global brands, global consumer culture and globalization. International Marketing Review.
Perlas, N., 2019. Shaping globalization. Temple Lodge Publishing.
Hickie, D., Jones, N. and Schloderer, F., 2019. 12 Globalization, competitiveness and the supply of highly skilled labour in civil aerospace. Diversities of Innovation, p.183.
Fuchs, D. and Roller, E., 2019. Globalization and Political Legitimacy in Western Europe. In Democracy under Threat(pp. 221-251). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Ozer, S. and Schwartz, S.J., 2016. Measuring globalization-based acculturation in Ladakh: Investigating possible advantages of a tridimensional acculturation scale. International Journal of Intercultural Relations., 53. pp.1-15.
Lane, J.E., 2017. Globalization and politics: Promises and dangers. Routledge.
Quinlan, C. and et.al., 2019. Business research methods. South-Western Cengage.
McKenney, S. and Reeves, T.C., 2018. Conducting educational design research. Routledge.
Nardi, P.M., 2018. Doing survey research: A guide to quantitative methods. Routledge.
Online
Quantitative Approaches. 2018. [Online]. Available through :<https://cirt.gcu.edu/research/developmentresources/research_ready/quantresearch/approaches>
Research Approach. 2018. [Online]. Available through :<https://research-methodology.net/research-methodology/research-approach/>
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